TCP/IP Animation , Layer of TCP/IP
Layer of TCP/IPAt data communication, there are many protocols. OSI model composed of 7 layers is a form that these protocols are classified according to their role. In TCP/IP the model is classified into 4 layers.1. Application layer (processed by Application)The protocols which applications do with are classified here. HTTP, SMTP, POP, TELNET, SSL and so on are done with at this layer.2. Transport layer (processed by OS)TCP and UDP are classified here. Whole communication is managed at this layer by OS.3. Internet layer (processed by PC, phone, router)IP and ARP are classified here. Sending way is defined at this layer.4. Network interface layer (processed by PC, phone, router, hub, cable)Ethernet protocol is classified here. The communication using MAC address and the actual way of transmission in cable and so on is defined. As an example, data '1' or '0' is converted to '5V' or '0V'.
View websiteThe process of viewing website with focus on the Layer model.* [protocol] : 1. [HTTP] : Accesses the website with browser.2. [HTTP] : After typing website URI, push Enter key. The format of URI conforms to HTTP.3. [HTTP,MIME] : HTTP command is created.4. [HTTP,MIME] : Analyzes the input contents. Then it is taken apart to packets and HTTP header is created.5. [TCP] : By the way, before web data is sent, TCP connection between client and server is necessary.And destination IP address is necessary, too.6. [TCP] : The communication for connection will be executed several times. Concise explanation about destination IP address and TCP connection will be displayed.7. [UDP] : Gets IP address of the receiver from DNS servers.8. [TCP] : Under establishing TCP connection with the server.9. [TCP] : TCP connection is established.10. [HTTP,MIME] : After the TCP connection is established, it resumes analyzing.11. [HTTP,MIME] : HTTP header which contains HTTP settings is added to all the packet.12. [TCP] : Analyzes packets and creates TCP header.TCP header contains port No. and some data to notice data type and to execute accurate communication.13. [IP] : Analyzes the packets and creates IP header.The header contains IP address of the sender and receiver.14. [Ethernet] : Gets MAC address of the next router in the LAN.15. [Ethernet] : The header contains MAC address of the sender and receiver.16. [Ethernet] : These packets are conveyed.17. [Ethernet] : The entity of the data is array of the number '0' or '1'. When immense number of '0' and '1' are combined, they will have various meaning as data.18. [Ethernet] : For explanation, display form is changed to array of the number.19. [Ethernet] : PC transmits this data to router. So as to send in LAN cable, data must match cable standard.Under the standard, data '1' means voltage of 5 and data '0' means voltage of 0.20. [Ethernet] : Finds IP address of the next router with its routing table.And identifies MAC address of the next router with holding information or ARP.21. [Ethernet] : Renews MAC address in Ethernet header to the next router's one.Data is sent according to the address. Destination IP address in IP header never alters during the communication except for NAT.22. [Ethernet] : Finds IP address of the next router with its routing table.And identifies MAC address of the next router with holding information or ARP.23. [Ethernet] : Though the MAC address is renewed, the packets are sent to the server according to IP address of the receiver in IP header.24. [Ethernet] : The packets arrive in the server. And it is stored in server memory.25. [Ethernet] : For explanation, display form is changed to packet.26. [Ethernet] : The packets are allocated in the server memory.27. [Ethernet] : Ethernet header finishes its role and disappears.28. [IP] : IP header finishes its role and disappears.29. [TCP] : At this layer, OS confirms with TCP header whether the packets were sent accurately.And it memories the contents in order to add TCP header to the answer packet later.30. [HTTP,MIME] : Because there were no problem, the packets was passed to the application according to the port No. in TCP header.31. [HTTP,MIME] : Tries to unite packets and restore HTTP command.32. [HTTP,MIME] : If there are no problems, the packets are restored to data at application layer.33. [HTTP,MIME] : The command has been restored completely.Then the server receives the command which requests the website data.34. [HTTP,MIME] : Server returns the requested website data. First it analyzes the site contents.Then it is taken apart to packets and HTTP header is created.35. [HTTP,MIME] : HTTP header which contains HTTP settings is added to all the packet.36. [TCP] : Analyzes contents of the received TCP header, and new packets.And creates TCP header.37. [IP] : Analyzes the packets and creates IP header.The header contains IP address of the sender and receiver.38. [Ethernet] : Finds IP address of the next router with its routing table.And identifies MAC address of the next router with holding information or ARP.39. [Ethernet] : The header contains MAC address of the sender and receiver.40. [Ethernet] : These packets are conveyed.41. [Ethernet] : The entity of the data is array of the number '0' or '1'. When immense number of '0' and '1' are combined, they will have various meaning as data.42. [Ethernet] : Finds IP address of the next router with its routing table.And identifies MAC address of the next router with holding information or ARP.43. [Ethernet] : Renews MAC address in Ethernet header to the next router's one.Data is sent according to the address. Destination IP address in IP header never alters during the communication except for NAT.44. [Ethernet] : Finds IP address of the next router with its routing table.And identifies MAC address of the next router with holding information or ARP.45. [Ethernet] : Though the MAC address is renewed, the packets are sent to the receiver according to IP address of the receiver in IP header.46. [Ethernet] : The packets arrive in the PC. And it is stored in PC memory.47. [Ethernet] : The packets are allocated in PC memory.48. [Ethernet] : Ethernet header finishes its role and disappears.49. [IP] : IP header finishes its role and disappears.50. [TCP] : At this layer, confirms with TCP header whether the packets were sent accurately.51. [HTTP,MIME] : Because there were no problem, the packets was passed to the application according to the port No. in TCP header.52. [HTTP,MIME] : Tries to unite packets and restore HTML data and encoded image files.53. [HTTP,MIME] : The data has restored completely.54. Views Ogumo website with browser of the PC.Send emailThe process of sending email with focus on the Layer model.* [protocol] : 1. Using email software, email message is created and it is added files.2. After it completes, pushes sending button.3. [MIME] : Encodes the email message and the added files to ASCII code characters, according to MIME protocol.4. [MIME] : Email and the added files will be sent as text data.5. [SMTP,MIME] : Analyzes the email. Then it is taken apart to packets. And then SMTP header is created.The header contains the sender and receiver email address, data length and so on.6. [TCP] : By the way, before email is sent, TCP connection between client and server is necessary.And IP address of destination SMTP server is necessary, too.7. [TCP] : The communication for connection will be executed several times. Concise explanation about destination IP address and TCP connection will be displayed.8. [UDP] : Gets IP address of the receiver from DNS servers.9. [TCP] : Under establishing TCP connection with the server.10. [TCP] : TCP connection is established.11. [SMTP,MIME] : After the TCP connection is established, it resumes analyzing.12. [SMTP,MIME] : SMTP header is added to all the packets.13. [TCP] : Analyzes packets and creates TCP header.TCP header contains port No. and some data to notice data type and to execute accurate communication.14. [IP] : Analyzes the packets and creates IP header.The header contains IP address of the sender and receiver.15. [Ethernet] : Gets MAC address of the next router in the LAN.16. [Ethernet] : The header contains MAC address of the sender and receiver.17. [Ethernet] : These packets are conveyed.18. [Ethernet] : The entity of the data is array of the number '0' or '1'. When immense number of '0' and '1' are combined, they will have various meaning as data.19. [Ethernet] : For explanation, display form is changed to array of the number.20. [Ethernet] : PC transmits this data to router. So as to send in LAN cable, data must match cable standard.Under the standard, data '1' means voltage of 5 and data '0' means voltage of 0.21. [Ethernet] : Finds IP address of the next router with its routing table.And identifies MAC address of the next router with holding information or ARP.22. [Ethernet] : Renews MAC address in Ethernet header to the next router's one.Data is sent according to the address. Destination IP address in IP header never alters during the communication except for NAT.23. [Ethernet] : Finds IP address of the next router with its routing table.And identifies MAC address of the next router with holding information or ARP.24. [Ethernet] : Though the MAC address is renewed, the packets are sent to the server according to IP address of the receiver in IP header.25. [Ethernet] : The packets arrive in the server. And it is stored in server memory.26. [Ethernet] : For explanation, display form is changed to packet.27. [Ethernet] : The packets are allocated in the server memory.28. [Ethernet] : Ethernet header finishes its role and disappears.29. [IP] : IP header finishes its role and disappears.30. [TCP] : At this layer, OS confirms with TCP header whether the packets were sent accurately.And it memories the contents in order to add TCP header to the answer packet later.31. [SMTP,MIME] : Because there were no problem, the packets was passed to the application according to the port No. in TCP header.32. [SMTP,MIME] : Tries to unite packets and restore the email message and added files.33. [MIME] : If there are no problems, the packets are restored to data at application layer.34. [MIME] : Restores ASCII code characters to the email message and added files.35. [MIME] : The email is restored conforming to MIME protocol. Then the server receives email and added file.
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